Novice understands the structure and characteristics of machining center

The machining center is mainly applicable to: precision and complex parts processing; Periodically repeat production parts processing; Multi-station and multi-process parts processing; Parts processing with appropriate batches, etc.

Features of machining center:

1. It can automatically change the machine tool spindle speed, feed rate and tool movement path relative to the workpiece.

2. Some machining centers are equipped with double worktables. While the workpiece on one worktable is being processed, the other workpiece can be loaded and unloaded on the worktable at the loading and unloading position, and then the processing (loading and unloading) position can be exchanged, thus saving the total processing time.

3. It can significantly reduce the time of workpiece clamping, measuring and machine tool adjustment, reduce the time of workpiece turnover, handling and storage, and greatly improve productivity.

4. For parts with complex processing shape, high accuracy requirements and frequent variety * change, * has good economy.

Machining center structure

There are various types of machining centers. Although the shape and structure are different, they are generally composed of the following parts.

(1) Foundation parts: They are composed of large parts such as bed, column and worktable, which are the basic parts in the structure of machining center. These large parts include cast iron parts and welded steel structural parts. They have to bear the static load of the machining center and the cutting load during machining. Therefore, they must have * high static and dynamic stiffness, and are also parts with * large mass and volume in the machining center.

⑵ Spindle components: composed of spindle box, main sleeve motor, spindle and spindle bearing. The start, stop and other actions and rotation speed of the spindle are controlled by the numerical control system and cut by the tool installed on the spindle. Spindle component is the power output component of machining and the key component of machining center. Its structure has a great impact on the performance of machining center.

(3) Numerical control system: composed of CNC device, programmable controller, servo drive device and motor. It is the center for the machining center to execute sequential control actions and control the machining process.

(4) Automatic tool change device (ATC): The significant difference between the machining center and the general CNC machine tool is that it has the ability to process parts in multiple processes and has a set of automatic tool change device.