How to effectively reduce thermal deformation of CNC lathes

The thermal characteristics of CNC lathes are one of the main factors affecting machining accuracy. Because the spindle speed and feed rate of CNC machine tools are much higher than those of ordinary machine tools, and the thermal conductivity of workpieces and machine tool components caused by hot cutting with large cutting amounts is much more severe than that of ordinary machine tools, and the impact of thermal deformation on machining accuracy is often difficult for operators to modify. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the methods of increasing the impact of thermal deformation on CNC lathes.

There are several commonly used methods: 1. Improving the structure and structural design of CNC lathes: for example, adopting a thermal symmetric structure that is relatively symmetrical for heat sources; The CNC lathe adopts inclined bed body, flat bed body, and inclined sliding plate structure; Some heavy-duty CNC machine tools adopt a thermal equilibrium method due to structural limitations.

2. Mastering temperature rise: Using methods such as heat dissipation, air cooling, and liquid cooling to collect the heat recovered from the heat source is a commonly used strategy in various CNC machine tools to increase the impact of thermal deformation on the hot parts of the CNC lathe, such as the spindle box and hydrostatic guide hydraulic oil.

3. The use of strong cooling method for cutting parts: during heavy cutting, the amount of hot chips falling on components such as the task table and bed is the main heat source. CNC machine tools, especially in the machining process and CNC lathes, widely use multiple nozzles and large flow of coolant to cool and remove these hot chips, and use large capacity cyclic cooling or cooling devices to control the temperature rise of the coolant.

4. Thermal displacement compensation: Guess the rules of thermal deformation, establish a mathematical model, store it in the computer, and stop compensating in a timely manner.